Correlates of Adolescent Depression in Orphanage Homes in Yenagoa City, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

@#This study was designed to investigate the correlates of adolescent depression in orphanage homes using Yenagoa, Bayelsa State as a case study in Nigeria. Adopting the attachment theory as a theoretical framework, this study adopted the respondent-driven sampling technique to study 120 adolescents in three orphanage homes in Yenagoa city. Data for this study was collected through the use of the questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age of the respondents was 13.7±3.4 years. The results indicated that more than a quarter of the respondents have manifested depression symptoms (45.8%). Most of the respondents had manifested at least one symptom of depression. Socio-demographic variables of the respondents such as, orphan type (β = - 1.795; t = -8.377; p<0.05), duration of stay at orphanage home (β =-0.082; t = -3.458; p<0.05), age (β = 0.253; t = 5.532; p<0.05), ethnic group (β =0.653; t = 3.532; p<0.05), level of education (β = 0.583; t = 2.248; p<0.05), mode of getting to orphanage home (β = 0.971; t = 4.711; p<0.05) and availability of relative(s) (β = 2.430; t = 6.549; p<0.05) significantly predicted adolescent depression. In conclusion, there is a high prevalence rate of depression among adolescents living in orphanage homes in the city. Thus, there is a need to increase the level of social support for adolescents living in orphanage homes to ameliorate their conditions of depression.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de niños y adolescentes que viven en un hogar temporal, Colombia / Health-related quality of life for children and adolescents living in a temporary home, Colombia / Qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde de crianças e adolescentes que moram em lar temporário, Colômbia

Resumen (analítico) Estudio transversal cuyo objetivo fue determinar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en 92 niños y adolescentes, entre los 8 y los 18 años de edad, que vivían en un hogar temporal de un municipio colombiano. Se aplicaron pruebas para la diferencia de promedios, de correlación y se construyó un modelo logístico con el fin de identificar los factores que se asociaron al desenlace, la CVRS. No se encontraron diferencias entre los promedios del puntaje de la CVRS según sexo (p = 0.094) y además estos en las dimensiones actividad física y salud, sentimientos, autopercepción, autonomía, vida familiar, relación con los pares y entorno escolar fueron mayores que el promedio de la CVRS; ser mujer y haber sufrido algún tipo de limitación, influyen en tener puntajes de la CVRS menores de 70 puntos.

Abstract (analytical) This is a cross-sectional study that had the objective of determining the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for 92 children and adolescents between 8 and 18 years of age who lived in a temporary home in a Colombian municipality. Tests were applied for the correlation of the difference of averages and a logical model was developed to identify the factors that were associated with the HRQoL outcome. No differences were found between the averages of the HRQoL scores according to sex (p = 0.094). The aspects of physical activity and health, feelings, self-perception, autonomy, family life, relationships with peers and school environment were higher than the average HRQoL. Being a woman and having suffered some type of limitation caused participants to have HRQoL scores below 70 points.

Resumo (analítico) Foi realizado um estudo transversal que teve por objetivo determinar a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde (QVRS) de 92 crianças e adolescentes, com idade entre 8 e 18 anos, que moram em um lar temporário em um município colombiano. Foram realizadas avalições para determinar a diferencia média e suas correlações, além disso, foi determinado um modelo logístico com o fim de identificar os principais fatores associados a QRVS. Não se encontraram diferencias entre as medias do valor da QRVS para o gênero (p = 0.094), entretanto, para o caso de atividade física y saúde, sentimentos, autoimagem, autonomia, vida familiar, relacionamento com os pais e ambiente escolar os valores foram maiores do que a média da QRVS; o fato de ser mulher e ter sofrido algum tipo de Deficiência, influenciaram na obtenção de valores da QRVS abaixo de 70 pontos.

Can personal hygiene act as a proxy indicator of morbidity profile? A study on orphans of Uttarakhand region

Background: A healthy childhood is essential for future growth and development. It is greatly influenced by parent, family, society and environment which formulate attitude, behavior, manner and emotions. Millions of children across the world are deprived of this crucial phase of life; those are the orphans and abandoned children.Methods: This institution-based cross sectional study was carried out with the help of pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire amongst 193 orphans aged 5-14 years to assess the personal hygienic practices and morbidities among orphans and to find out the association between the morbidity with personal hygiene and other risk factors.Results: The leading morbidities observed were poor oral hygiene (57.51%) as a morbidity followed by dental caries (50.58%) and pallor (30.57%). The average morbidity per child was found to be 2. There was significant association between ages, education, personal hygienic practices with the presence of morbidity in the orphans.Conclusions: Practices related to personal hygiene was not satisfactory. There was a significant association between morbidity and personal hygiene. Despite of the fact that these children are highly vulnerable; their health needs are poorly understood and ill served.

Nutritional status and personal hygiene of children living in the orphanages of Bhubaneswar: capital city of Odisha

Background: Orphan’s children are vulnerable and neglected group in the society and are more prone to malnutrition. Aim is to assess the nutritional status, personal hygiene and demographic details of the children living in different orphanages in Bhubaneswar city.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the children of age group 6 to 14 years in the selected orphanages in Bhubaneswar from October 2015 to March 2016 using two stage stratified cluster random sample to select the orphanages and simple random sample to select study subjects. A pretested predesigned schedule was used to collect information regarding personal hygiene practices, anthropometric measurements of the children were taken and WHO reference growth charts were used to assess nutritional status. Pearson Chi-Square test was used to determine the association between personal hygiene and nutritional status.Results: Out of 210 children, majority 57.7% were malnourished, 53.3% were stunted and malnutrition was higher among the boys than girls whereas the personal hygiene practices scores were better in girls than boys. Our study revealed a significant association between nutritional status and poor personal hygiene (p<0.05).Conclusions: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in children living in orphanages and needs to be addressed. Nutritional status should be monitored regularly, which helps in early identification and timely intervention and this will improve nutritional status of children living in orphanages.

Nutritional Status of Children Living in an Orphanage in Dhaka city, Bangladesh

Introduction: Children living in orphanages tend to be neglected and may be malnourished. This study assessed the socio-economic background and nutritional status of children living in an orphanage in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the children in Sir Salimullah Muslim Orphanage, Dhaka from January to November 2014. Systematic sampling was adopted to collect data from 232 children using a semi-structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of the children were taken and the WHO reference growth chart was used to determine the children’s nutritional status. Weight-for-age was categorised by mild, moderate and severe malnutrition. The Pearson Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between the extent of malnutrition and socio-demographic characteristics of the children. Results: The majority of the children (60.3%) in the orphanage were malnourished, with mild, moderate and severe malnourished being 43.1%, 16.8% and 0.4%, respectively. Malnutrition was higher among the boys than girls in the age group of 15-18 years. The orphans suffered significantly (P<0.05) from malnutrition compared to those, who had at least one parent alive. Conclusion: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among children and adolescents under residential care and needs to be addressed. In particular, early identification and intervention can improve the quality of nutritional status of the urban orphanage population. An investigation with a large sample is highly desirable to explore the severity of the problem in the national context.

Negligible Egg Positive Rate of Enterobius vermicularis and No Detection of Head Lice among Orphanage Children in Busan and Ulsan, Korea (2014)

To determine whether pinworm infections and head lice infestations spread among children in orphanages, 117 children from 4 orphanages in Busan-si and Ulsan-si, Korea, were examined for enterobiasis and head lice infestation between January and February 2014. The overall rate of Enterobius vermicularis egg positivity was 0.85%, whereas none of the children had head lice infestations. The rate of pinworm infection was much lower among the orphanage children compared to the rates observed in previous studies among kindergarten and primary school students. Moreover, the risk factors for enterobiasis were less frequent among these subjects than previously reported. The personal hygiene and health of the orphanage children were supervised by a regular, employed nurse through a health education program. In conclusion, pinworm infection was efficiently controlled among the children in orphanages, and this might be related to good personal hygiene practices in Korea.

Comprehensive dental health care program at an orphanage in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh.

Background: Provision of oral health care in India, especially for the underprivileged is limited due to inadequate finances and manpower. Resources of dental colleges in such a scenario can be utilized to provide prevention oriented oral health care. Aim: To improve the oral health status of children at an institute in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India, through prevention based comprehensive dental health care program (CDHP). Design and Setting: A longitudinal institution based interventional study conducted among the primary grade children (n=162). Materials and Methods: Baseline data collection included (i) basic demographic data (ii) body mass index (BMI) (iii) assessment of the dentition status and treatment needs according to WHO 1997 criteria. The CDHP included group based dental health education, professional oral prophylaxis, weekly (0.2%) sodium fluoride mouth rinse program, biannual application of topical fluoride (1.23% APF), pit and fissure sealants for all first permanent molars and provision of all necessary curative services. Results: Mean treatment requirements per child decreased at 18 months. New caries lesions developed among four children. BMI of children with decay was seen to improve significantly after instituting the CDHP. Conclusion: CDHP is effective in overall improvement of general and oral health. In resource limited countries like India, such programs organized by dental schools can improve oral health.

Effect of comprehend intervention on physical and intellectual development of one orphanage's infants / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To observe the effect of comprehend intervention on physical and intellectual development of homeless infants.Methods Forty-eight infants aged 8 to 9 months from an orphanage of Chongqing were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.The treatment group received swim,early training and massage every day.All infants were assessed by means of Gesell Development Scale before intervention and one month after intervention.Results Compared with that of the control group,the treatment group's scores significantly improved in all four ergoregion(P